What common tool is used for documenting changes in a change management process?

A change log is the tool specifically used for documenting changes within a change management process. It serves as a formal record of all changes made to the system, project, or environment, including details such as the nature of the change, the reason behind it, the individuals involved, and the time of implementation. This documentation is crucial because it aids in maintaining accountability, allows for future reference, and ensures that all team members are aware of the modifications that have occurred.

While other options such as risk assessments, service catalogs, and incident reports may play roles in broader management and operational procedures, they do not focus specifically on tracking changes. Risk assessments evaluate potential risks related to changes, service catalogs list available services and their details, and incident reports document problems and their resolutions. None of these systematically record changes in the way a change log does, making the change log the most appropriate choice for this context.