What kind of network security measure allows whitelisting of specific software?

Application allow listing is a network security measure that specifically focuses on whitelisting certain software applications that are permitted to run on a computer or network. This approach is quite different from other security measures, as it establishes a controlled environment where only the listed applications are allowed to execute. By using application allow listing, organizations can prevent unauthorized software, including malicious programs, from running on their systems.

The importance of application allow listing lies in its proactive nature. It not only protects against known threats but also shields against zero-day vulnerabilities and unrecognized malware, significantly enhancing a system's overall security posture. This method is particularly effective in environments that require strict compliance and around sensitive data, where unauthorized applications could pose significant risks.

In contrast, packet filtering focuses on inspecting packets at the network layer and determining whether they should be allowed to pass based on predefined rules, without concern for which applications they correspond to. Access control lists manage user permissions to resources and do not specifically address the software applications themselves. URL filtering, on the other hand, restricts access to specific web addresses but does not control which applications can run on a system. Thus, application allow listing stands out as the most suitable answer for controlling and managing the execution of software through whitelisting.