What type of malware is likely associated with a freeware stock trading application that caused spyware on a sales manager's computer?

A Trojan is a type of malware that masquerades as a legitimate software application, such as a freeware stock trading program, to trick users into installing it. Unlike viruses or worms, Trojans do not replicate themselves but instead rely on users to willingly execute them. Once installed, they can perform a variety of malicious actions, including the installation of spyware, which can monitor user activity and exfiltrate sensitive information.

In this scenario, the freeware stock trading application likely appeared trustworthy to users, prompting the sales manager to install it. However, hidden within this application was spyware that compromised the computer. This situation is emblematic of how Trojans exploit user trust and appear legitimate to facilitate malicious behavior.

The other options, while types of malware, do not fit as appropriately in this particular context. Worms self-replicate across networks without user intervention, which is not indicated in this scenario. Adware typically displays unwanted advertisements and collects user data for advertisement purposes, rather than spying on user actions for malicious intent. Ransomware encrypts a user’s data and demands payment to unlock it, which does not align with the behavior described in this case.